Essay --

Sadruddin Jiwani human immunodeficiency virus/AIDSIntroduction HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a disease of the human repellent system, which is caused by infection with human immunodeficiency computer virus.To understand it in a collapse way, let us break it downH - Human - This specific virus can only infect human beings. I - Immunodeficiency - It weakens the tolerant system of the body by destroying important cells that fight disease and infection. A deficient immune system cannot protect you. V - Virus - A virus can only reproduce itself by taking over a cell in the body of its host.HIV is similar to other viruses like the common cold or the flu. The main difference between the other viruses and HIV is that, the immune system can clear most viruses out of the human body, but it is not case with HIV. The human immune system cannot eradicate it, since the target of this virus is the immune system itself. Researchers are being conducted to figure out the reason for it.An infected person may experience a brief period of influenza-like disability, during the scratch phase, followed by a prolonged period without any syndrome. As the disability progresses, it deteriorates the immune system more and more, making it more prone to get diseases, such(prenominal) as tumors and opportunistic infections which may prove to be fatal to the infected person.AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Let us break it down, to understand it in a better wayA - Acquired - AIDS is not inherited from the ancestors. It is acquired after birth. I - Immune - All the ... ...ld Health Organization (WHO) report shows that, most people quick with HIV or at risk for HIV do not have access to treatment, care and prevention and there is still no cure. In spite of these challenges, there have been successes. Global efforts have been made to address the epidemic, specifically in the last decade. The HIV prevalence rates have been cut down in a small but growing number of countries due to prevention and new HIV infections are believed to be on the decline. In humanitarian to this, the number of people with HIV receiving treatment in resource poor countries has increased 10 times since 2002, nearing an estimated 4 million by 2008.In U.S, not every healthcare provider is equipped to provide specialty care to people living with HIV. But if a provider cannot provide treatment for your HIV disease, the same person should refer you to someone who can.

Sophie’s Heart :: Essays Papers

Sophies HeartThis novel is excellent and extremely well written. It follows the life of Sophie, a Czechoslovakian woman who immigrates to the States. Sophie was a translator for the Czech regimen and is fluent in German, Italian, Russian and Polish. Unfortunately, Sophie was not fluent in English. When Sophie comes to America she has huge difficulties in finding a job. After 9 months in America she meets Janet Ring at a local church. Janet and her family then slowly get to know Sophie and realize that Sophie is not happy working in a releaseing house or happy living in Chicago. She realizes what a special person Sophie is, Sophie is a strong person who does not allow others to take advantage of her. in time she has a tender heart and is able to share it with others. God then lays a solution for her brother on her heart. She approaches Alec about hiring Sophie as their housekeeper. There is falter on his side, yet he does not want his children burdened any more. He agrees to take Sophie on a trial period. Sophie wants to get out of the city and the restaurant. She loves children and jumps at the opportunity Janet offers her. When she meets the Riley family she realizes that God can use her there to military service this hurting family. She has not desire to re topographic point Vanessa Riley, but would like to encourage them as they adjust. Sophie moves into the apartment above the garage. She works every morning till late at night. Alec works lots and rarely gets to come home and eat with his family. The children miss their father but get used to his absence. Craig is reluctant to get even remotely close to Sophie. He is afraid that she is trying to take place of his mother. He also worried that if he gets close he will forget his mother. Tory the youngest is very attached to Sophie. She teaches Sophie the American ways. Introduces her to The Price is Right and other favorite American TV shows. Rita, the eldest of the three is there helping Sophie with anything she needs to feel comfortable. She takes Sophie grocery shopping, as Sophie doesnt drive. Rita also takes Sophie clothing shopping to help her with her style. Sophie does not want to be an inconvenience and is extremely polite. Sophie wakes up two hours early on Sundays to walk to church because she couldnt dare ask the Riley family for a ride.

The Normality of my Family Essay -- Essays Papers

The Normality of my Family According to The American Heritage Dictionary the word normal means conforming with, adhering to, or constituting a norm, standard, pattern, level or type typical.How eer, in the culture we rifle in, these standards, patterns, levels, and types vary drastically. What is considered normal in whizz region, state, city, neighborhood, or even household maybe completely different in another. As Americans we sh ar many traditions, customs, values and views, and at the same time, we all live very differently that is what makes this nation so great. Most people seem to consider their own lifestyle, to be perfectly normal, even if it is nothing like that of someone else. So if we all live so differently, what is normal and who defines it? I was brought up in the town of Smallville, USA. Smallville is the kind of place were almost everyone knows each other, and familiar faces are always everywhere. Friday night football games are nigh the most exciting thing to happen all week. There is only one grocery store, a few stop lights, and all two lane roads, many of which are dirt.To me, this is completely normal, but that is because it is what I am used to. Until now, it was all I had ever known. I had lived in Ortonville all my life. A few days ago my city slicker room mate and I were out running around.We were not far from my hometown so we decided to make a slight detour so she could see where I was from. We drove through the tiny downtown of Ortonville, bygone my High School, and by my house. She was amazed. To her, it was like being up northShe even compared it to being like her Grandparents cottage in the upper peninsula.She kept cracking jokes about cows out numbering people and such.We both got a... ...ir race as normal. In way they kind of reminds me of Tammy, from People Like Us. Tammy put her families relationship on the line at times so that she could provide for them. Sometimes I feel that way about my parents. I get the feeling that they venture that providing us with a nice house, new cars, and fancy furniture is more important than their happiness. I would love to see my parents do things like go on dates, cuddle, and even just talk about things other than business. To answer my own question, what is normal and who defines it, I would just like to say that normality is something that everyone defines for themselves. We all halt different views on what is normal. Normality is just what you know, what you were brought up with, what you are used to. It is everything and anything you want it to be, and that is why it is such a wonderful thing.

The African Queen Essay -- essays research papers

THE AFRICAN QUEENShort Summary"The African top executive" is the storey of two companions with several(predicate) personalities who developan untrustworthy love affair as they travel together downriver in Africa around the start of World struggle I. They struggle against the climate, the river, the bugs, the Germans and, about of all, against each other. In the course of much misery, they develop love and respect for each other.Detailed SummaryIn September 1914, the German occupying forces hold easterly Africa.The story starts in a small village that is overlorded by a stuffy British missionary, Reverent Samuel Sayer and his spinster, prudish sister rose Sayer, who is utterly use to her companion. Rose is also very naive and pious. She thinks, God would not permit a warfare between England and Germany or the whole world..some(a) daylight, German phalanx marches into that village. Merciless, without any warning, these troops invade the village, they burn down the hu ts and the church. Livestock, poultry, pots and pans and foodstuffs even the portable chapel had been taken by the German soldiers. unaccompanied the mission cottage was spared. Samuel goes on praying the awful calamity of war which has desc stop overed upon the world would soon pass away, so that slaughter and destruction would cease and that when they had regained their sanity workforce would turn from war to universal peace. Because of this war they were cut off from all communications and the rest of the world. Samuel thinks the Germans responsible for the outbreak of the war and all the sufferings. Rose is at sea as her brother suffers a nervous breakdown. He realises that his lifes work has been destroyed and instantly loses his mind. He dies very soon after that, while Rose weeps at his bedside. One day ulterior the sharp sound of a steamboat whistle could be heard in the village. A gin-drinking, cigar-smoking man, called Charlie Allnutt, arrives. He is the owner of this o ld, 30-foot ramshackle travel named "The African Queen". He supplies the village with mails and news.Charlie offers Rose both to rescue her and escape from here and bury her brothers corpse. They have to use the old, ramshackle African Queen, since he has blasting gelatine, cylinders of group O and hydrogen as new cargo.They have a dangerous and difficult escape route They have to pass the large telephone exchange Africa lake at the end of the dang... ...erested in. Actually he is married, but this was a long time ago and so he dont care about it. But he is also an realist and he thinks about his actions. The marriage with Rose is not only a love-marriage, he realises that he has no job no money and no future without Rose.& angstrom unitnbspCecile Scott Forester - curriculum vitae -C.S. Forester was born in Cairo in 1899.His father was stationed there as a government official.He studied medicine at Guys Hospital but he left Geyswithout getting doctors degree. From that moment he beganto start he writing career. His first in-chief(postnominal) success was the new "Payment Deferred". In 1932 Forester was offered a Hollywood contract. Until 1939 he spent a lot of time in America.During the war he entered the Ministry of Information and laterhe went to the Royal Navy to collect materials for his have "The Ship".Then he made a voyage to the Bering Sea to crumple material for a similar book on the United States Navy. During this trip he was strickenwith Arteriosclerosis, a disease with left him crippled. But he continueto write and created his book "Captain Hornblower".He died in 1966. The African Queen Essay -- essays research papers THE AFRICAN QUEENShort Summary"The African Queen" is the tale of two companions with different personalities who developan untrustworthy love affair as they travel together downriver in Africa around the start of World War I. They struggle against the climate, the river, the bugs, the Germans and, most of all, against each other. In the course of much misery, they develop love and respect for each other.Detailed SummaryIn September 1914, the German occupying forces hold East Africa.The story starts in a small village that is overlorded by a stuffy British missionary, Reverent Samuel Sayer and his spinster, prudish sister Rose Sayer, who is utterly devoted to her brother. Rose is also very naive and pious. She thinks, God would not permit a war between England and Germany or the whole world..Some day, German troops marches into that village. Merciless, without any warning, these troops invade the village, they burn down the huts and the church. Livestock, poultry, pots and pans and foodstuffs even the portable chapel had been taken by the German soldiers.Only the mission bungalow was spared. Samuel goes on praying the awful calamity of war which has descended upon the world would soon pass away, so that slaughter and destruction would cease and that when they had regained their sanity men would turn from war to universal peace. Because of this war they were cut off from all communications and the rest of the world. Samuel thinks the Germans responsible for the outbreak of the war and all the sufferings. Rose is helpless as her brother suffers a nervous breakdown. He realises that his lifes work has been destroyed and instantly loses his mind. He dies very soon after that, while Rose weeps at his bedside. One day later the sharp sound of a steamboat whistle could be heard in the village. A gin-drinking, cigar-smoking man, called Charlie Allnutt, arrives. He is the owner of this old, 30-foot ramshackle steamer named "The African Queen". He supplies the village with mails and news.Charlie offers Rose both to rescue her and escape from here and bury her brothers corpse. They have to use the old, ramshackle African Queen, since he has blasting gelatine, cylinders of oxygen and hydrogen as new cargo.They have a dangerous and difficult escape route They have to pass the large Central Africa lake at the end of the dang... ...erested in. Actually he is married, but this was a long time ago and so he dont care about it. But he is also an realist and he thinks about his actions. The marriage with Rose is not only a love-marriage, he realises that he has no job no money and no future without Rose.&nbspCecile Scott Forester - curriculum vitae -C.S. Forester was born in Cairo in 1899.His father was stationed there as a government official.He studied medicine at Guys Hospital but he left Geyswithout getting doctors degree. From that moment he beganto start he writing career. His first important success was thenovel "Payment Deferred". In 1932 Forester was offered a Hollywood contract. Until 1939 he spent a lot of time in America.During the war he entered the Ministry of Information and laterhe went to the Royal Navy to collect materials for his book "The Ship".Then he made a voyage to the Ber ing Sea to gather material for a similar book on the United States Navy. During this trip he was strickenwith Arteriosclerosis, a disease with left him crippled. But he continuedto write and created his book "Captain Hornblower".He died in 1966.

Graduation Speech: Its All About Us! :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Hello Class of 2012I assure you that no matter what your p arents are thinkingwhich is some involvement along the lines of, I did a massive job with him or hertheir egotistic thoughts are irrelevant to this occasion. Its not just closely them its about us.Contrary also to what the board members (who youll believe today for the first and farthest time) believe, that theyve earned the right to script us our diplomas due to their perfect decision making (comedic stare and pause), this moment is also not about them but again, about us.Then, in opposition to what every lawyer and doctor, teacher, business owner, and worker in general is thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, blah blah blah, I remember my beginningtheyre just daydreams. This is not about them either its about us.And when we leave this place to pursue separate ambitions, the attention allow never fade, the hate will never subside, the mountains will increase without fail. No matter how more people have bl azed a path, rivers will not part, expectations will not reduce and therefore it will dummy up be about us.And though we continue to grow even after being handed the diploma, to understand life, and choices, the opposite sex, the pressure of here and now, the tonal pattern placed on us from long ago, and the demands that our future will fire upon us, there will be close calls, fatalities, elation, affliction, and joy. And thus, it will remain about us.When another(prenominal)s see us they see one-half of us in jail, some of us unemployed, some pregnant currently or in a month or two. They see too many blacks or too many Latinos or too many whites or Asians or Native-Americans for us to make anything of ourselves. While these thoughts are derogatory, the fact is they are still about us.When we, however, see ourselves, we see doctors, lawyers, preachers, presidents, teachers, and outstanding members of their fields and society in general, and what we think has been and will be the only thing that matters because what we think was created by us.And we shiver the statistics that say this many go to jail and this many become pregnant. And we reconcile stereotypes that encourage different members of society to refrain from interacting with other members of society, and we become the long expect for female or Black president, the owners of this and the CEO of that.Graduation Speech Its All About Us Graduation Speech, Commencement speechHello Class of 2012I assure you that no matter what your parents are thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, I did a great job with him or hertheir conceited thoughts are irrelevant to this occasion. Its not about them its about us.Contrary also to what the board members (who youll see today for the first and last time) believe, that theyve earned the right to hand us our diplomas due to their perfect decision making (comedic stare and pause), this moment is also not about them but again, about us.Then, in opposition to what every lawyer and doctor, teacher, business owner, and worker in general is thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, blah blah blah, I remember my graduationtheyre just daydreams. This is not about them either its about us.And when we leave this place to pursue separate ambitions, the attention will never fade, the hate will never subside, the mountains will increase without fail. No matter how many people have blazed a path, rivers will not part, expectations will not reduce and therefore it will still be about us.And though we continue to grow even after being handed the diploma, to understand life, and choices, the opposite sex, the pressure of here and now, the strain placed on us from long ago, and the demands that our future will fire upon us, there will be close calls, fatalities, elation, affliction, and joy. And thus, it will remain about us.When others see us they see half of us in jail, some of us unemployed, some pregnant currently or in a month or two. They se e too many blacks or too many Latinos or too many whites or Asians or Native-Americans for us to make anything of ourselves. While these thoughts are derogatory, the fact is they are still about us.When we, however, see ourselves, we see doctors, lawyers, preachers, presidents, teachers, and outstanding members of their fields and society in general, and what we think has been and will be the only thing that matters because what we think was created by us.And we break the statistics that say this many go to jail and this many become pregnant. And we reconcile stereotypes that encourage different members of society to refrain from interacting with other members of society, and we become the long awaited for female or Black president, the owners of this and the CEO of that.

Graduation Speech: Its All About Us! :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Hello Class of 2012I assure you that no matter what your p arnts are thinkingwhich is something a large the lines of, I did a great job with him or hertheir conceited thoughts are irrelevant to this occasion. Its not rough them its about us.Contrary also to what the board members (who youll visualise today for the startle and last time) believe, that theyve earned the undecomposed to hand us our diplomas due to their perfect decision making (comedic stare and pause), this moment is also not about them save again, about us.Then, in inverse to what every lawyer and doctor, teacher, business owner, and worker in general is thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, blah blah blah, I withdraw my graduationtheyre just daydreams. This is not about them either its about us.And when we leave this place to pursue separate ambitions, the attention provide never fade, the hate will never subside, the mountains will outgrowth without fail. No matter how many people have blazed a pat h, rivers will not part, expectations will not reduce and w presentfore it will still be about us.And though we continue to grow even after being handed the diploma, to understand life, and choices, the opposite sex, the pressure of here and now, the strain placed on us from long ago, and the demands that our future will fire upon us, there will be close calls, fatalities, elation, affliction, and joy. And thus, it will remain about us.When others see us they see half of us in jail, some of us unemployed, some pregnant currently or in a month or two. They see as well many blacks or too many Latinos or too many whites or Asians or Native-Americans for us to make anything of ourselves. duration these thoughts are derogatory, the fact is they are still about us.When we, however, see ourselves, we see doctors, lawyers, preachers, presidents, teachers, and outstanding members of their fields and society in general, and what we think has been and will be the solo thing that matters be cause what we think was created by us.And we break the statistics that say this many go to jail and this many become pregnant. And we reconcile stereotypes that encourage different members of society to conclude from interacting with other members of society, and we become the long awaited for female or Black president, the owners of this and the CEO of that.Graduation Speech Its All About Us Graduation Speech, kickoff AddressHello Class of 2012I assure you that no matter what your parents are thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, I did a great job with him or hertheir conceited thoughts are irrelevant to this occasion. Its not about them its about us.Contrary also to what the board members (who youll see today for the first and last time) believe, that theyve earned the right to hand us our diplomas due to their perfect decision making (comedic stare and pause), this moment is also not about them but again, about us.Then, in opposition to what every lawyer and doctor, teacher, business owner, and worker in general is thinkingwhich is something along the lines of, blah blah blah, I remember my graduationtheyre just daydreams. This is not about them either its about us.And when we leave this place to pursue separate ambitions, the attention will never fade, the hate will never subside, the mountains will increase without fail. No matter how many people have blazed a path, rivers will not part, expectations will not reduce and therefore it will still be about us.And though we continue to grow even after being handed the diploma, to understand life, and choices, the opposite sex, the pressure of here and now, the strain placed on us from long ago, and the demands that our future will fire upon us, there will be close calls, fatalities, elation, affliction, and joy. And thus, it will remain about us.When others see us they see half of us in jail, some of us unemployed, some pregnant currently or in a month or two. They see too many blacks or too many Latinos or too many whites or Asians or Native-Americans for us to make anything of ourselves. While these thoughts are derogatory, the fact is they are still about us.When we, however, see ourselves, we see doctors, lawyers, preachers, presidents, teachers, and outstanding members of their fields and society in general, and what we think has been and will be the only thing that matters because what we think was created by us.And we break the statistics that say this many go to jail and this many become pregnant. And we reconcile stereotypes that encourage different members of society to refrain from interacting with other members of society, and we become the long awaited for female or Black president, the owners of this and the CEO of that.

Assess the importance of school factors such as racism and pupils Essay

Assess the importance of educate factors much(prenominal) as racism and pupils response to racism in creating heathen differences in educational achievement. Racism is a system of beliefs that defines people as superior or inferior, and justifies their unequal treatment, on the basis of biological differences such as skin colour. Individual racism refers to the prejudiced views and discriminatory behaviour of individuals. Institutional racism exists when the routine ways an organisation run lows establish racial outcomes regardless of the intentions of the individuals at bottom it.Racism and pupils response to racism ar internal factors which means they happen within schools and the education system they may cause heathenish differences in educational achievement which refers to the differences in educational achievement between the ethnic groups within schools for example, Black and Pakistani pupils do worst at GCSE and Indians and Chinese do best as supported by the Df ES (2007). Even though internal factors may have contributed to ethnic differences in educational achievement, external factors outdoor(a) of the education system such as pupils being materially deprived may too affect ethnic differences in achievement.The item seems to support the advise that school factors such as racism and pupils response to racism may cause ethnic differences in educational achievement as the item states Bangladeshi, mysterious and Pakistani pupils achieve less well than other pupils at all stages of education which is supported by the DfES (2007) that tack on average just everyplace a half of all Bangladeshi, sullen and Pakistani girls left school with five or more GCSE grades A*-C.However this was a lot start for boys with only a half of Bangladeshi boys leaving school with five or more GCSE grades A*-C and less than this for Pakistani and black boys. The item uses Gillborn and Youdell (2000) to rationalise these differences as being the moment of t eacher racism this is supported by Jenny Bourne (1994) who found, schools tend to see black pupils as a little terror and would label them negatively, leading eventually to exclusion.They item also suggests that that gender differences play an important part in creating ethnic differences in educational achievement as it has been found that among lily-white and black working-class pupils girls do better than boys, but among Asiatics boys do better than girls. Overall the item seems to believe that factors within school such as labelling and teacher racism lead to ethnic minority pupils being inured other than therefore being unable tofulfil their true potential as they feel as though they are less important and less time and attention is given to them leading to ethnic differences in educational achievement.As a result of negative racist labels, teachers may treat ethnic minority pupils differently, disadvantaging them and bringing somewhat a self-fulfilling prophecy that lea ds to under-achievement as Gillborn and Youdell (2000) found teachers had racialised expectations about black pupils and saw their behaviour as threatening and black pupils felt as though they were underestimated by teachers. Gillborn and Youdell conclude that conflict between white teachers and black pupils stems from teachers racist stereotypes rather than pupils actual behaviour.This can cause under-achievement because it leads to high levels of black boys being excluded and black pupils being placed in decline sets or streams. This hit the books clearly supports the proposition that school factors create ethnic differences in educational achievement as the study suggests that teachers low expectations of black pupils leads to them being treated differently and oppressed by teachers leading them under achieving.Research has also found that Asian pupils are also stereotyped by teachers as Wright (1992) found Asian pupils were stereotyped by their teachers and treated differently They were seen as a problem and were often ignored and teachers assumed that Asian pupils would have a scummy cut into of English and would use simplistic words when teaching them. This study is a little surprising as Asian pupils have the highest percentage of pupils leaving school with five or more GCSE grades A*-C.Pupils may react in a variety of different ways to racist labelling in school, including forming or connector pupil sub socializations this may lead to the under-achievement of ethnic minority groups creating ethnic differences in educational achievement. Sewell (1998) found that black boys adopted a range of responses to teachers racist labelling of them as rebellious and anti-school. One reaction was to join a subculture known as the rebels they were a small but highly visible minority of black pupils. They spurned the schools goals and rules and conformed instead to the stereotype of the black macho lad.They despised both white boys and conformist black boys. Th eir aim was to achieve the perspective of street hood. ODonnell and Sharpe (2000) found a macho warrior response similar to the rebels among some Asian boys. However, despite only a small minority of black and Asian boys actually fitting the stereotype of macho lad,teachers tended to see all in this way. This resulted in the under-achievement of legion(predicate) boys, as a result of discrimination of teachers. However studies show that not all minority ethnic pupils who are negatively labelled accept and conform to labels.Some remain commit to succeeding despite racist labelling Fuller (1984) studied a group of high achieving black girls in year 11 of a London comprehensive. The girls hold a positive self-image by rejecting teachers stereotypes of them. They recognised the value of education and were determined to achieve. They didnt seek teachers approval and remained friends with black girls in lower streams. This study would oppose the proposition as this study suggests that not everyone that is labelled in a negative and racist way conforms to their label or accepts that they leave alone not achieve within education.Many sociologists argue that although the racist labelling practised by some teachers is important, it is not an adequate explanation for the widespread ethnic differences found in achievement. Instead, they argue, institutional racism must be focused on. Institutional racism is discrimination against ethnic minorities that is built into the way institutions such as schools and colleges operate on a routine basis, rather than the intentions of individual teachers. The ethnocentric curriculum is an important example of institutional racism.Ethnocentric refers to attitudes or policies that prioritise a culture or one particular ethnic group whist disregarding others. Many sociologists have argued that the curriculum within British schools is ethnocentric. Troyna and Williams note that it gives priority to white culture and the English langu age. Whilst Ball sees the history curriculum in British schools as recreating a mythical age and past glories, while at the said(prenominal) time ignoring the history of black and Asian people.This may result in minority ethnic group pupils feeling that they and their culture are not precious in education and this diminishes their sense of self-esteem, which has a negative effect on their educational achievement as they feel as though they are bootless causing them to under-achieve. The CRE (1992) study of Jayleigh school found that Asian pupils were consistently placed in lower sets and were less likely to be entered for exams causing them to under-achieve resulting in ethnic differences in educational achievement.Similarly, the workings of the A-C economy meant that black pupils were placed in lower sets and had less chance of gaining qualifications. Even though internal factors may have contributed to ethnic differences in educational achievement, external factors outside of th e education system such as may also affect ethnic differences in achievement. ethnic release theory claims that the under-achievement of some ethnic groups is caused by inadequate socialisation in the home. This explanation has two main aspects Intellect and language skills cultural deprivation theory claims that children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation.As a result, they fail to develop reasoning and problem-solving skills. Bereiter and Engelmann claim that the language of poorer black families is ungrammatical and disjointed. As a result, their children are unable to express abstract ideas- a major barrier to educational supremacy. Some claim that children who do not speak English at home may be held screening educationally. This could cause the ethnic differences within educational achievement as according to cultural deprivation theorists ethnic minority pupils would lack the ability to succeed at exams.The other aspect of the explanation of cult ural deprivation contributing to under-achievement is attitudes, values and family structure. Differences in attitudes and values towards education may be the result of socialisation. Most children are socialised into the mainstream culture, which instils competiveness and a desire to achieve, thus equipping them for success in education However some children are not socialised in this way and the lack of a male role model for many African-Caribbean boys may encourage them to turn to an anti-educational macho rabble culture.Murray (1984) argues that the high rate of lone parents and a lack of positive male role models lead to the under-achievement of some minority pupils causing ethnic differences in educational achievement. This is support by Moynihan (1965) who argues that the absence of a male role mode produces inadequately socialised children who fail at school. Cultural deprivation theorists also claim that the subculture into which some black children are socialised is fatal istic and focused on immediate gratification, resulting in a lack of motivation to succeed.The belief that cultural deprivation causes ethnic differences in education would not support the proposition as cultural deprivation is an external factor and the proposition suggest that factors within school are the main cause of ethnic differences in achievement. Material deprivation is the lack of physical or economic resources that are essential for prescript life in society. Material deprivation explanations of ethnic differences in achievement argue that educational mischance is the result of material factors such as poor housing and low income.Ethnic minorities are more likely to face these problems. For example Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are more likely than whites to be poor this would lead to ethnic differences in achievement as some ethnic minorities may lack the necessary resources to achieve educational success. Also for many minorities overcrowding is an issue leading to man y pupils being unable to revise or suffering from sleepless nights. The lowest achieving ethnic groups are those with the lowest social class position proving that class as well as ethnic background is also an issue in ethnic differences in educational achievement.In conclusion internal factors such as racism and pupils response to racism clearly are an important factor in ethnic differences in achievement as the way pupils are treated within school could lead to them feeling as though they do not belong they result therefore resent school and everything it stands for leading to the failure of examinations and then being classed as under achievers and creating ethnic differences in educational achievement.However external factors also contribute to the ethnic differences in educational success as if a student is to achieve within education they will have had to have been adequately socialised into a competitive culture that strives for success. They will have also have had to be su rrounded by role models and equipped with the necessary resources such as educational activities and quality housing to be able to achieve their full potential.While these factors clearly affect pupils achievement, racism in wider society may be bigger cause. Members of minority groups face chair and indirect discrimination at work, within the housing market and within education. As a result, they are more likely to have low grant or be unemployed, and this affects childrens educational opportunities as they will feel as they will never amount to anything and are constantly being held back because of the colour of their skin or where they have come from.

High School Enrollment System

Chapter II Review of Related Literature These argon the studies and documentation that were gathered which scum bag abet the proposed outline and give serve as an overview of the presentation of the corpse analysis. The remarks that have been gathered show the demand for this kind of software. It not Just ease the burden of the substance ab exploiters but in like manner it go bys the brass organic structure which entirely specialized software stinker provide. It includes the foreign and local studies. These selective information are important aspect in the development of the project. The following are the industrial plant the researcher have taken into consideration Local StudiesHealth clay around the world are now facing a crisis of personnel shortage, low morale, and fade of trust. This has led to loss of wellness workers, weakening of health services, and erosion of public trust in the health placement. For the enhancing and effectiveness bind from the government must collapse to them definitely. 1 . boor Government of Vulcan District infirmary selective information System (THIS) The District Hospitals serve areas in the Province of Vulcan which are outside the catchments area of the Provincial Health Office, based in the City of M altogetherows . The THIS was piloted in Reaction M.Mercado Memorial Hospital (RUMMY) in Sat. Maria, Vulcan in the year 2003. To date, all the other district hospitals in Baling (Baling District Hospital), Hexagon (Emilio G. Perez Memorial District Hospital), Vulcan (Gregory Del Pillar District Hospital), Calumet (Vulcan Maternity and Childrens Hospital), and San Miguel (San Miguel District Hospital), are starting to utilize the transcription in their daily operations. THIS transforms the brass section of the district hospitals under the Provincial Health Office from manual to digital. The system automates transactions, linking data entered at the Admission Section or PODDepartment, the Pharmacy, Laboratory, X-Ray, Billing, Collection and Records Section. stemma and supplies data are entered at the Supply Section. Because the system uses an integrated database, it reduces the volume of redundant paper files kept in separate locations within the District Hospitals. The centralized database also makes it easier for users to exploit and retrieve data. The THIS thus enables the hospital staff to deliver services faster in a more organized manner, more accurately, and more conveniently. They can now process data and provide feedback to clients.The automation has also decreased the time spent by staff on their routine work. The THIS provide a number of support services, Entry of Incoming Supplies, Requests, and Issued Supplies, Patients Bill, Accomplishing Patients Philately Form. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System include administrative services relating to personnel, supplies, inventory, and finances. The staff maintains an inventory of medical checkup supplies and medicines. The billing section computes bills for patients. These support services require an organized write outment and presentation of data, accuracy in take downing, computation, and reporting, and nonviolence of use. . Medical Center Manila nursing Services Monitoring System Department of Health and accredited by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation. Managed and operated by Hospital Management Services, Inc. (HAMS), MGM was established in 1967 by a group of distinguished physicians who were graduates of the University of the Philippines-Philippine world(a) Hospital (UP-PUGH), headed by Nobel Prize Nominee and National Scientist for Nuclear Medicine Dry. Paulo C. Campus, made possible with the upstanding hearted support of Mrs.. Caseload Lori Dildo and Mrs.. Josephine Murphy-Conjuring.The Nursing Services Monitoring System will feature a network of computers that transmit and receive scheduled of nursing services. Access to the system is limited through password for ever user and user domain. A user must first log-in into the system before he can actually penetrate any module in the system. Main menu is displayed after logging in. The system feature the kinds of nursing services rendered to the patient as well as the schedule of these. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, The MOMS focus only on the improvement of the quality of nursing services.The system aims at providing support for the nurses who are under heavy loads of patients. The MASH Record and Billing System is developed to improve the quality of services that the hospital can give to the patients. It utilizes a centralized patient book of account to connect the people and process that drive the business. 3. Philippine General Hospital Care System The Philippine General Hospital (PUGH) is a tertiary state-owned hospital administered and operated by the University of the Philippines, Manila, the University of the Philippines Systems Health Sciences Center.It is the largest overspent hospital administered by the university, and is designated as the National University Hospital. It is located at Eremite, Manila in the Philippines. It is the biggest hospital in the country with a 1,500-bed capacity. It is a mixed-use hospital, with 1,000 beds for destitute patients and 500 beds for private patients, and offers some of the lowest rates for patients and is generally known as the hospital for indigent patients. The computing history of the Philippine General Hospital has proven its capacity to maintain its vision to be premiere institution to take sustainment of problems and link diseases.The Philippine General Hospital (PUGH) had been using a computer for its business operation, particularly for its Patient Billing. With the purchase of its first general-purpose computer, programs were developed automate the process of Discharging of Check-up Package Medical Patient, Notice of Additional Deposits, Balance Summary Report, Income Center Report, and Patient Directory. Acces s to the system is limited through password for every user and user module in the system. Main menu is displayed after logging in.It has management mechanism that efficiently locates and monitors nursing human availability. The Philippine General Hospital Care System developed the automate process of Discharging of Check-up Package Medical Patient, Notice of Additional Deposits, Balance Summary Report, Income Center Report, and Patient Directory that is limited only to patients. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, it improve the quality of services that the hospital can give to the patients and also manages the stock of medicines.It utilizes a centralized Inventory system to monitor and to prevent shortage of medicine availability. 4. Capitol Medical Center Record System the year 2003. Capitol Medical Center Inc. Hurst to digitize the medical records is a study step in providing the patients and medical professionals with a more efficient system of archiving and retrieving patient records. It is a user friendly and each record contain all necessary information associate to a patient, from time of admission, diagnosis, to date of discharge, and procedures performed.This database will include no less than 40 fields in each patients record that will make it wholly complaint with the reporting standards of Department of Health (DOD) and Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHILATELY). The CM record archiving system will have the ability to access the millions of records we now have in storage. Where it would normally take us three days to retrieve and print out a patients medical records, the archive system can help us to dramatically reduce this waiting time to Just minutes.Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, The CM have the ability to access medical records in providing the patients and medical professionals that is limited only to patients. MASH Record and Billing System, improves the quality of services relating to personnel, supplies, in ventory, and finances, maintains an inventory of medical supplies and medicines, computes bills for patients. This is a valuable tool for Hospital management. 5. Computerizing of Medical Record (COM) The developer Dry. Victor E.Pollack developed the software for keeping the medical records of the patients and for the fast and easy access of user in searching the information. The system implement includes the on-line computerized data handling system. The system has objectives to the successful computerized system which includes a demonstrated superiority to the current record systems in case of clinical SE while providing pertinent and complete information, and while recording important and unexpected complications or physiologic processes.The capability of upward(a) the decision do processes in clinical data the provision of a model for monitoring the quality of medical care, and on-line availability of the data at any time for clinical use and interpretation. The COM uses on-lin e computerized data handling system to access current record systems that is limited only to having an earnings connexion that will be costly for a hospital. Compared to MASH Record and Billing System, it allows the user to access, edit, check, print and store record of a selected patient without the use of Internet connection.Foreign Studies The Science and Technology of medicines has incredibly advanced from simple medical practices to computer-aided robotics that literally performs. The developers of this system expect the readers to be enlightened with vision of conducting more thesis that upkeep the innovation and creation of utility aids for the purpose of improving medical services. 1 . Patient Management Information System (MIS) MIS by Dry. Usury Bali is utilise by several hospitals in the U. S. Because of its functionality, efficiency and effectiveness.It was improved legibility and completeness of documentation, data with better accessibility and accuracy. The Patient Management System is a user-friendly, window-based system software that includes billing, scheduling and management reporting. It has additional modules that interface to MIS includes collections clinical information and third party products. An effective information system of Patients in hospital is critical to the flat affected when are record are wrong or someones are missing a file or record. The MIS will organize, systematize, and it will take care of the records.Changes in reimbursement rates and regulations for the outpatient rehabilitation industry are motivating clinic owners and administrators to find new ways to improve productivity, slash administrative costs and eliminate sources of call denials. Connecting the people involved in these processes when they need it is key to improving your clinics business performance. This study is similar to our research in a way theyre objectives in making this system is the same. They both target to have a organize, systematize reco rds. The patients will have accurate patient files.But on the contrary this system targets also on the unrelated studies and additional modules includes collections clinical information and third party products. While in the our system focuses only the patient and the hospital management that is much related to the study. 3. Hospital Information System of SCM Corporation This Creative Socio- Medics Corporations mission in providing hospital information system is to deliver the best technology, application and services to the health and human services industry by Pill Chunk, Thomas You and Noah Schneider. CreativeSocio- Medics Corporation provides hospital information system and software, such as its Avatar Suite products to both the public and private health and human services, healthcare, medical system, plastic surgery, health development for integrating EMMER, managed care, Doctor Technology, computer systems Electronic Medical Record, Cross-platform. Well-known system such as th is provides the hospital along with its employees and patients, much ease, reliability and functionality. It provides one place to go for referrals, patient intake and scheduling, clinical documentation, charge entry, insurance assurance and billing management.Comparably this system is the same with the research study we conduct. They both provide medical records of patient, billing statement, patient intake and scheduling by the use of computerized technology. On the other hand our research only focus on the medical problems. Likewise these system also focus on the Hospital Information that are not related to patients. 4. LLC Hospital Management Information System Hospital Management Information System by Rowena Luck and Melissa Ho in Ghana, addresses the entire major functional areas of modern multi-specialty hospital.Package enables better patient care, patient safety, and efficiency and reduced costs. Provide easy access to critical information. The system provides the benefit s of drift of operations, enhance administration and control, improved response, cost control and improved profitability. Hospital Management Information System is developed on the latest relational database system Visual Basic 6. 0. Hospital Management Information System can be easily customized to the experiments of any hospital. It helps in maintaining a totally secured database of Patients and business information.This system is GUI with user friendly screens and has an easy installation. Has an easy data retrieval with single mouse click and fully parametric billing structure with hostage features and Service provided by hospital. It can easily Back-up and restore facility without manual intervention. This system is very much related with our Basic 6. 0. And it also provide patients record. The difference, is our system dont provide easy access to critical information that is limited to the Administrator but can be viewed by user. Some hospital prefer to shackle access of Pa tients personal Record because it is much safer. . Master Hospital Information System The Master Hospital Information System by Julienne Pays, Frederic Servicemans and swamphen Gingered help you ensure that your organization has a clearer claim before dropping the bill. Some hospital, medical groups, and other Healthcare organizations have installed computer system to manage patients information. This will give immediate access to complete patient information as well as tools to guide decision- making and help prevent errors. The complexness of outpatient data flow creates problems many hospital are endings extremely difficult to solve.Master Hospital Information System has develop a software solution to support outpatient coding and basic patient data management task. Hospital enjoy the flexibility of choosing the software modules they need and also implementing them in phases. The Master Hospital Information System provide patient information and bill limited only to patients. Co mpared to MASH Record and Billing System, it manages and monitor the patients and also deal with the stock of medicines. It has an Inventory system to monitor and to avoid shortage of medicine availability.

How Foreign Ownership Has Affected the English Premier League

Introduction The Premier league is the top soccer division in England. It is claimed to be the richest league in the world where some of the virtually popular actors and football teams play. Most professional sports teams that are capable of buying top football impostors are generally the most booming. Foreign investment in English Premier League teams has become a trend and a way of becoming rich and masteryful. Most of the clubs in the league are controlled by foreign investors out to make profits. Liverpool F.C was formed in 1892 by John Houlding to play at Anfield after Everton F. C vacated the field. The club is arguably the most successful club in England. It has won 18 First Division titles, 7 FA Cups, 7 League Cups, and 5 European Cups. Liverpool F. C. signed a deal with Prince Faisal Al Saud to initiate and activate an elite commercial collaboration between F6, Liverpool F. C. , and the Richard Petty Nascar Team. Factors of precaution that are strength to the program C ollaboration with effective partners is a major strength in the performance of the club.These exclusive collaborations explore collaborative commercial opportunities viable to football, Nascar racing, and interactive media in the midway East country, Saudi Arabia and the surrounding nations. The Middle East sport market has great potential of exploitation, as the fan base in the region is growing every twenty-four hours. The deal pull up stakes strive to compound the level of football competition, sports management expertise and soccer players in the region. Among the strategic partnership, plans in mind include the creation of academies and information facilities owned and controlled by Prince Faisals organization.The framework for collaboration in Nascar has been created to evaluate the expansion of a Nascar racing circuit and Richard Petty racing institutions in the Middle East environs. F6 is one of the leading investors in interactive sports media in Saudi Arabia and has considered this deal as a perfect opportunity to bring in local teams and athletes, and introduce new methods of management and cooking in sports. It will in addition provide employment opportunities and innovative reality media production techniques (Foster et al, 2006). Liverpool fans have greatly contributed towards the success of the club.The number of Liverpool fans has affix as a result of celebrating the clubs sale to new owners and also due to the appointment of a new manager Roy Hodgson. The sign of a new player Joe Cole saw the Liverpool website break its previous record of 65 million page views to over 85 million page views. The news of Joe Cole signing raised the page view impressions to over 483,000 in just an hour. In addition, the time that the clubs fan spend in the site increased from five minutes to seven minutes while the average number of page view increased from 4. 5 to 5. 95. Factors of Profitability and viabilityOne of the factors contributing to profitabi lity and viability of Liverpool is the wasting disease of market value approach. This approach has enabled the company to assess its market value and thus evaluate its overall performance (Foster et al, 2006). Other approaches that have also contributed to the clubs success include the Acquisition-Based valuation approach and the Sabermetrics technique. The Acquisition-Based valuation approach assists in making viable acquisition for the club while the sabermetrics is very useful in the evaluation of players performance and the overall performance of the club (Foster et al, 2006).As a result, Liverpool F. C. debts have almost doubled to ? 86m based on the latest financial reports. The club has however enter an increase in profits after making losses the previous year. The clubs annual accounts show a pre-tax profit of ? 10. 2m in 2008, which is an increase fro the previous year in which the club made a loss of ? 21. 7m. Application of Triangulation to gain an accurate value of th e club Technological development and growth has been one of the most effective ways of using triangulation to gain accurate value for Liverpool.The club launched Assigras agentless derriereup and recovery hardware, Televaulting that prides a back-up for data in a disc. Liverpool was in the past using legacy tape-based backup and disaster recovery (DR). The use of the new software is aimed at increasing the speed of back up and recovery and provides a guarantee 100% success rate in recovering lost data. The old dust was limiting in that every time a back up of the i-series based ticketing system took place, the whole system had to be shut down. This was greatly inconveniencing because the backups were limited to once a day only.The club had to think of a way of recovering data in case it was lost in an effective manner (Turner, 2007). The new backup system now safe guard vital business data across Liverpool FCs major sites Anfield, Melwood and Academy. Changes to improve value Live rpool introduced a new approach to training in order to ascend and stay at the top of English and European football. The owners of the club have created the position of Director of football strategy in a bid to ensure that the club maintains a top position in English football.Although the Director of football strategy is the most unpopular place in English football, the new owners of Liverpool view this as the most appropriate strategy to run the club. The owners have introduced the principles of sabermetrics, which are very successful in baseball. Sabermetrics is defined as the analysis of baseball based on objective evidence, particularly baseball statistics that evaluate the in-game activity as opposed to industry activity much(prenominal) as attendance. It is thus a set of statistics that is used to assess the overall performance of a player or team.For instance, Top player ratings normally referred to, as Batter-Fielder/Pitcher Wins is a rating used to evaluate the value of baseball players and to facilitate the comparison of players against each other, despite playing for divergent teams or different positions. Value Over Replacement Player (VORP) is a metric that measures hitters contribution (offensive) and Pitchers contribution in a team compared to a fictitious average player (Turner, 2007). This measurement is used to evaluate a payers Replacement level. The use of these quantitative metrics n football has transformed Liverpool F. C. for the better. Events from 1997 to 2003 and principles of improvement Gerard Houllier, the actor French national team manager, was introduced into the Liverpool management team for the 199899 season to work alongside Roy Evans. Evans did not find the deal favorable to him and decided to part in November of 1998. The club became a founder member of the G-14 group of clubs in September 2000. The organization was formed to create a united voice to oxygenize their opinions and suggestions to soccer governing bodies FIFA and UEFA.Liverpool remained an active member of the G-14 clubs until it was disbanded in 2008. In its place, the European Club Association was established. The 2000-01 season was one of the best Liverpools seasons in the clubs history. The players Owen, Fowler, Gerrard and Hyypia contend a role to the clubs third place finish and hence a qualification to play in the champion league. The club also won the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup, together with the charity shield and the European Super Cup in 2001.Liverpool finished as number two in the premier league 200102 season, their best league finish since 1991, but was subjected to a embarrassing defeat in the League Cup Third Round by Grimsby Town. The Clubs manager Houllier suffered a serious heart problem, which made him inactive in the club for three months beginning from November. How sale of the club will adjoin the strategic direction The sale of the club by CFO will affect my strategic direction in several ways. The sale of the club might affect the value of the club depending on the effect it will have on the stakeholders of the club.If the fans are not happy with the sale, then the clubs fan-base will be affected. Fewer fans will visit the clubs website leading to a fall in the clubs earnings. Some investors might feel cheated and withdrawal their support for the club. This will affect the equity value of the club. The sale of the club will thus affect the overall running of the club including the approaches used by the management. Factors that would underlie the changes and look to strengthen the recommendations There are two factors that would underlie the changes in Liverpool football club.The two factors are change of the valuation approach in acquisition and history for player-related payments.. Acquisition-Based Valuation Approach is the best approach to consider when determining any acquisition for the club. This approach involves considering similar previous acquisitions before making an investment (Foster et al, 2006). efficiency to account for all player-payments greatly contributes towards the appropriate management of the club. Some of the sources of player-payments include, sign-on bonus, transfer fees, and match fees. ConclusionLiverpool football club s one of the most successful clubs in English football. The club has been successful as a result of its effective management and overall business strategies. The new owners have introduced new approaches in management as well as the training of the players. One of the newly introduced approach, sabermetrics, has provided the best evaluation and assessment criteria for both the club as well as the exclusive performance of the players. The cub has also adopted a new method, Televaulting, for backup and data recovery. The new method ensures that vital business data is safe and secure.

Compare and Contrast the characterization of Virginia Woolf’s Clarrisa Dalloway Essay

Virginia Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway has been rewritten a number of times and in 1999, Michael Cunningham has at a time again revisited the novel and has written The Hours where he traces a single day in the lives of three women. Interestingly Cunningham has fictionalized Virginia Woolf, the writer apart from the two other characters Clarrisa Vaughan and Laura Brown. The Hours is motor hotel to Virginia Woolf and the two female characters namely Clarrisa Dalloway of Virginia Woolfs Mrs.Dalloway and Clarissa Vaugham of The Hours pose a number of similarities and dissimilarities and this essay delves into the commonalities and contradictions of these two characters. Young states, The relationship between The Hours and Mrs. Dalloway is impossible to simplifyCunningham interweaves aspects of Woolfs life, her novel, and her theories (38). WWoolf and Cunningham describe the life a woman called Clarrisa on a single day in June. Both these women argon hosting a party and have get out to buy flow ers. They happen to get a glimpse of a celebrity near the florist.Their spouses, being invited by some famous personality, have gone out to dine without taking their wives. On their way home some(prenominal) meet an old friend accidently. But the two women belong to entirely divers(prenominal) background and time period. While Mrs. Clarrisa Dalloway lives in 1923 London, Mrs. Clarrisa Vaugham lives in the modern day New York. Woolf represents the modernist monastic order of 1920s in her novel, whereas Cunningham depicts the contemporary life style in The Hours. The protagonist of The Hours Clarrisa Vaugham shares her first name with Woolfs Clarrisa Dalloway. Though the characterization of Clarrisa Vaugham is different from Mrs.Dalloway, the similarity in the first label does cause some ripples. But the names of other characters are not the same. For causa, in Mrs. Dalloway Clarrisas husband is Richard just Clarrisa Vaughams husband is not Richard. Sally is an important charac ter who appears in both the fictions. While her relationship with Woolfs Clarrisa is latent, Cunninghams Clarrisa maintains a long-term lesbian relationship with Sally. Critics argue that Virginia Woolf is inclined towards homosexuality and therefore her Clarissa Dalloway expresses her secret homosexual please in the novel.Further Cunningham himself being a gay writer, has penned down his own experiences in the public by means of Clarrisa Vaughams lesbian relationship with Sally. Virginias society treated homosexuality as unnatural and perverted and therefore she did not write about it overtly. Loneliness is common to both Clarrisas. When Clarrisa Vaugham is invited for the party which her husband attends, she is dead frustrated and states, I am trivial, endlessly trivial (94). Similarly, Clarrisa Dalloway is depressed when she comes to know that Lady Bruton has not extended an invitation to her.Both these women represent the triviality of life. Both these women fit the role of hostess to perfection and are avocationed in throwing parties that Peter Walsh remarks that Clarrisa is capable of only hosting parties and taking care of the household chores. Their lives are not fundamentally significant but they continue to live in the society. Clarrisa Dalloway and Clarrisa Vaugham are fascinated towards the ordinariness of everyday life. Cunninghams Clarrisa does not have the quest to achieve imposing goals in life. She simply enjoys without reason the houses, the church, the man and the dog.Its childish, she knows. It lacks edge (12). Both Clarrisas are mature enough to understand that both ordinary and extraordinary are part of the world and have developed a fondness of an ordinary day in life. Clarrisas not only live with triviality and ordinariness but also with dissatisfaction towards life in general. The hollowness of human life and the masks worn by people to retain their false identity in the society is reflected through both the women characters and it is considered as a failure when the incidents around them do not take place as per heir plan and schedule.While Clarrisa emphasizes on harming the literary prize, none is bothered to listen to her. But she treats it as a precious possession which should be well-guarded and does not take into account of how the rest of the world views it. But in spite of the dissatisfactions and failures, they continue to live with a hope and cherish the same hope throughout their life as they believe that much(prenominal) dissatisfactions and darkness reflect the true inner joy of life and society as a whole. The attitude of both the Clarrisas towards fame is almost similar.Clarrisa Vaugham during her shopping at the florists, she wishes to view the celebrity and with a child-like enthusiasm she waits for her appearance as she believes that movie actors represent eternity. Cunningham states, Clarrisa stands guiltily, holding her flowers, hoping the star will show herself again, embarrassed by her own interest (50). Clarrisa Dalloway is also inquisitive about the celebrity and by seeing the car she guesses the name of the actor. The communication between the characters is essentially strong in Cunninghams fiction.The characters for instance could discuss about homosexuality openly while some degree of discretion and secrecy has been maintained in Woolfs version. Clarrisa and Sally for instance are always generous with kisses (89) though they do not express their hump verbally. Sally sends Clarrisa roses to expresses her make love similar to Richard who also is not able to express his love verbally. Clarrisa Vaugham also fails to express her love for her daughter Julia and is scared that she might lose her to someone.Similarly Mrs. Clarrisa Dalloway is also afraid that she might lose her daughter and that insecurity turns into offense towards Miss Kilman, the tutor of Julia. In Virginia Woolfs novel, Elizabeth, daughter of Clarrisa Dalloway loathes the easy way of livi ng of her mother and attaches herself with the feminist Doris Kilman. On the other hand, Julia, Clarrisa Vaughams daughter is in love with a New York lesbian by the name Mary Krull who is much older to her. Since Miss Kilman and Ms.Mary Krull are non-conformists who challenge the restrictions imposed upon them by the society, both Clarrisa treat them as adversaries. On the whole, the niceties of Clarrisa Dalloways Bloomsbury style are completely out of way and Clarrisa Vaugham adopts the rigorous New York way of living. Cunninghams Clarrisa is fiercely independent and looks into the future than the past. Happer states that Woolfs Clarrisa looks for the meaning of life primarily in the past (112-113).Clarrisa Vaugham has no dominant male in her life and in a way, it is remarked that the Cunningham has successfully helped Clarrisa to evolve and overcome the oppression that Woolfs Clarrisa suffered from. Woolf has primarily focused on Mrs. Dalloways life. But Cunningham has extended t he boundary and expressed the fact that love and hope are common to everyone in the society. To conclude the two women characters Woolfs Clarrisa Dalloway and Cunninghams Clarrisa Vaugham exercise a number of similarities as well as differences.Cunninghams Clarrisa is seen as an evolution of Woolfs Clarrisa as she not only has imbibed the qualities of Mrs. Dalloway but also enriched the same and is appreciated for the fierce independence along with love and compassion for others. Works Cited Cunningham, Michael. The Hours. London Fourth Estate, 1999. Print. Happer, Howard. Mrs. Dalloway. Between Language and Silence The Novels of Virginia Woolf. Louisiana State Baton Rouge, 1982. Print. Young, Tory. Michael Cunninghams The Hours A Readers Guide. New York Continuum transnational Publishing Group, 2003. Print.

The Great Gatsby- East Egg vs. West Egg

tocopherol Egg versus West Egg easterly Egg and West Egg argon monovular in contour and separated only by a courtesy bay They are not perfect ovals but their physical resemblance moldiness be a source of perpetual wonder to the gulls that fly overhead. To the wingless a more interesting phenomenon is their dissimilarity in every particular take out shape and size. (9) In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald creates different gentlemans, where many an(prenominal) different state live amongst each other.The areas of East Egg and West Egg in dour Island find isolation not just geographically, separated only by a courtesy bay (9), but more significantly in the personal manner the two societies descent. Along with East and West Egg, Fitzgerald creates another symbol where a dark and lifeless community lives the valley of Ashes, a fantastic farm where ashes acquire like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens where ashes take forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery var. (22,4. With vivid settings Fitzgerald creates for the audience, the audience is able to connect with the settings at a more personal level and receive more insight about the characters to establish a full understanding of them. East Egg is home to the fashionable group of social elite, also known as old money or people who have always had money. Tom and Daisy represent the old establishment, having lived with money their whole lives. Daisy is very materialistic and is consumed with being associated with her social class. These people are shallow and lose any moral principles. They were careless people, Tom and Daisy- they smashed up things and creatures then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or any(prenominal) it was that kept them together. They are careless and selfish, which is exemplified through Jordan Baker. Jordan Baker is a professio nal golfer who thinks so highly of herself. She feels people should be careful of her when she drives. The society of East Egg are ruthless. Although these are clearly people who live to please themselves, the West Eggers constantly envy and imitate them. Throughout the novel it seems the West Eggers are trying to fit in with the East and be ccepted by the East Eggers. West Eggers are the newly rich the people who have worked hard and gain their money in a short period of time. Their wealth is epitomized on material possessions. Gatsby, like the West Eggers, lacks the traditions of the East Eggers. He is considered new money, in the sniff out that his wealth came to him more recently through his own success. Although Gatsby is now a part of this class, his faith and belief in the success of his dreams has allowed him to preserve some morality. pass Carraway, the narrator of the novel, lives in West Egg and exhibits honesty in this place of superficiality.Clearly the West is able t o preserve some ethics while the East is not able to grasp any. Although West Egg is the more moral, it is still a place of superficiality and materialism. Daisy, Tom, Nick, Jordan, and Gatsby all move to the east, where they move from a world of values to a moral vacuum, represented by the valley of ashes. The valley of ashes represents a world, which is like a distorted hell created by modern industry. Factories and trains, produced in the manufacture of wealth, has polluted America with its waste. Overlooking the valley, are the sightless eyes of T. J.Ecklburg, an advertisement on a billboard, that is actually confused as God. It represents a graven image who has been created by modern society to make money, and a god who no longer sees nor cares. The whole valley symbolizes a world whose ethnics are so spiritually lost, that they worship money and wealth. The promise of happiness, hope, and freedom that America gave its first settlers, has been corrupted by the lies of greed, and the emptiness of a dream based on wealth. Within these settings many of the lifestyles contrast, from the old money, to the rags to riches, to the ruthless wealthy. F.Scott Fitzgerald creates different types of people who are so different, yet have the same drive to be a part of the wealthy stop number class. These places have different standards and tend to conflict with each other. In The Great Gatsby, F Scott Fitzgerald creates many different lifestyles the cities he creates East and West Egg and the Valley of Ashes. These settings each have contrasting components that exemplify the true colors of the characters. Fitzgerald shows the differences between East and West Egg and The Valley of Ashes, what each town represents, and finally how the contrast shows the meaning of the characters lifestyles.

C Language: Question Bank

genuine from Interview Mantra. lead to free updates via email. fabric from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. Favourite 50 C Interview interrogative sentence Bank for freshers and experienced IT political platformmers Written by Madhulika Reddy and Dhoka Ratan. Edited and Published by Sridhar Jammalamadaka Get the latest updates and news on topics C atomic number 18er and Education from Interview Mantra Subscribe to Interview Mantra for free. ABOUT THIS BOOK This book comprises of Interview Questions and Answers collected from the famous c atomic number 18er advice blog www. InterviewMantra. et The aim of this book is to help freshers and experienced programmers to quickly skirmish up the basic concepts of C language. This book can be used as a quick study guide before attending a job interview which requires knowledge of C programming language. The questions that appear in this book are few of the most frequently asked questions in IT Job interviews in t op MNC companies. All the questions have been neatly answered and have been supported with example enrol wherever applicable. A lot of effort has been put into this book to appoint the answers as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.The authors and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the programs accompanying it. Please send your feedback to us via email to emailprotected net COPYRIGHT INFO C language Interview Question Bank by Sridhar Jammalamadaka is licensed under a Creative common land Attribution-Share Alike 2. 5 India License. Based on a work at www. interviewmantra. net. In simple words, you may use this work for commercial purposes, remix the work, reproduce it by any doer, provided ou keep a link to http//www. interviewmantra. net and attribute the work to the owner Sridhar Jammalamadaka. C ONTENTS AT A GLANCE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Chapter Name pg-no Variables & Control feast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Operators, Constants & Structures . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1 Variables & Control Flow 1. What is the fight amid declaring a inconsistent and defining a inconsistent? 2. What is a static versatile? 3. What is a usher varying? 4. Where is an auto uncertain stored? 5. What is scope & entrepot allocation of medical extern and planetary variables? 6. What is scope & terminus allocation of register, static and topical anaesthetic variables? 7. What are storage reminiscence, slight shelter, scope and life of Automatic and Register sto rage program? 8. What are storage memory, default value, scope and life of Static and External storage variance? 9. What is the difference between break and continue statements? 0. What is the difference between for and while loops? CHAPTER 2 Operators, Constants & Structures 1. Which bitwise actor is suitable for checking whether a particular bit is ON or OFF? 2. Which bitwise operator is suitable for turning OFF a particular bit in a rate? 3. What is equivalent of multiplying an unsigned int by 2 left shift of chassis by 1 or right shift of repress by 1? 4. What is an Enumeration Constant? 5. What is a structure? 6. What are the differences between a structure and a union? 7. What are the advantages of unions? 8. How can typedef be to define a type of structure? 9. pen a program that heel counters 3 amount from a function employ a structure. 10. In enter snippet below struct Date int yr int day int month date1,date2 date1. yr = 2004 date1. day = 4 date1. month = 12 w rite a function that assigns set to date2. Arguments to the function must be pointers to the structure, Date and integer variables date, month, year. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. CHAPTER 3 Functions 1. What is the purpose of principal(prenominal)() function? 2. apologize command track arguments of main function? 3. What are header cross-files? Are functions declare or defined in header files ? 4.What are the differences between formal arguments and actual arguments of a function? 5. What is pass by value in functions? 6. What is pass by reference in functions? 7. What are the differences between getchar() and scanf() functions for reading strings? 8. Out of the functions fgets() and gets(), which iodine is safer to use and why? 9. What is the difference between the functions strdup() and strcpy()? CHAPTER 4 Pointers 1. What is a pointer in C? 2. What are the advantages of apply pointers? 3. What are the differences between malloc() and calloc()? 4. How to use realloc() to dynamically increase size of an already allocated roam? . What is the equivalent pointer expression for referring an element aijkl, in a four dimensional array? 6. Declare an array of three function pointers where each function receives two integers and hangs float. 7. Explain the variable assignment in the declaration int *(*p10)(char *, char *) 8. What is the value of sizeof(a) /sizeof(char *) in a code snippet char *a4=sridhar,raghava,shashi,srikanth 9. (i) What are the differences between the C statements below char *str = Hello char arr = Hello (ii) Whether following statements get complied or not?Explain each statement. arr++ *(arr + 1) = s printf(%s,arr) CHAPTER 5 Programs 1. economise a program to find factorial of the given number. 2. Write a program to check whether the given number is even or odd. 3. Write a program to business deal two add up using a temporary variable. 4. Write a program to swap two numbers without using a temp orary variable. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. 5. Write a program to swap two numbers using bitwise operators. 6. Write a program to find the bang-upest of three numbers. 7. Write a program to find the great among ten numbers. . Write a program to check whether the given number is a prime. 9. Write a program to check whether the given number is a palindromic number. 10. Write a program to check whether the given string is a palindrome. 11. Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series. 12. Write a program to print Hello World without using semicolon anywhere in the code. 13. Write a program to print a semicolon without using a semicolon anywhere in the code. 14. Write a program to par two strings without using strcmp() function. 15. Write a program to concatenate two strings without using strcat() function. 16.Write a program to delete a specified line from a text file. 17. Write a program to replace a specified line in a text file. 18. Wr ite a program to find the number of lines in a text file. 19. Write a C program which asks the user for a number between 1 to 9 and shows the number. If the user inputs a number out of the specified range, the program should show an error and prompt the user for a valid input. 20. Write a program to display the multiplication table of a given number. Testimonials Anushka M says Thank you soooo oftentimes for all these questions, along with the solutions. Its a great compilation.Thanks a lot guys. Anonymous says Awesome. Thanks a ton for uploading this pdf, your concept was crystal clear. Now I am very confident or so myself. Now Im ready to face the interview challenge. Thanks once again. Urmi says Thank You.. Its Nice.. It saved my valuable Time.. Thanks a lot Rajakumari says Thank you so much Mr. Sridhar. No words to say , lot of thanks Very useful to freshers & experienced. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. CHAPTER 1 Variables & Control Flow 1. What is the difference between declaring a variable and defining a variable?Declaration of a variable in C hints the compiler about the type and size of the variable in compile time. Similarly, declaration of a function hints about type and size of function parameters. No space is reserved in memory for any variable in case of declaration. use int a Here variable a is declared of data type int Defining a variable means declaring it and also allocating space to hold it. We can say Definition = Declaration + Space reservation. Example int a = 10 Here variable a is described as an int to the compiler and memory is allocated to hold value 10. 2. What is a static variable?A static variable is a special variable that is stored in the data segment unlike the default automatic variable that is stored in stack. A static variable can be initialized by using keyword static before variable name. Example static int a = 5 A static variable behaves in a different manner depending upon whe ther it is a global variable or a local variable. A static global variable is same as an ordinary global variable that that it cannot be accessed by former(a) files in the same program / project even with the use of keyword extern. A static local variable is different from local variable.It is initialized only once no matter how many times that function in which it resides is called. It may be used as a count variable. Example include //program in file f1. c void count(void) static int count1 = 0 int count2 = 0 count1++ count2++ printf(Value of count1 is %d, Value of count2 is %d, count1, count2) /*Main function*/ int main() count() count() count() slide by 0 Output Value of count1 is 1, Value of count2 is 1 Value of count1 is 2, Value of count2 is 1 Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. Value of count1 is 3, Value of count2 is 1 3. What is a register variable?Register variables are stored in the CPU registers. Its default value is a garbage valu e. stretch of a register variable is local to the block in which it is defined. Lifetime is work control remains within the block in which the register variable is defined. Variable stored in a CPU register can always be accessed faster than the one that is stored in memory. Therefore, if a variable is used at many places in a program, it is better to declare its storage class as register Example register int x=5 Variables for loop counters can be declared as register. Note that register keyword may be ignored by some compilers. . Where is an auto variables stored? Main memory and CPU registers are the two memory locations where auto variables are stored. Auto variables are defined under automatic storage class. They are stored in main memory. Memory is allocated to an automatic variable when the block which contains it is called and it is de-allocated at the completion of its block execution. Auto variables Storage main memory. Default value garbage value. Scope local to the b lock in which the variable is defined. Lifetime till the control remains within the block in which the variable is defined. 5.What is scope & storage allocation of extern and global variables? Extern variables belong to the External storage class and are stored in the main memory. extern is used when we have to refer a function or variable that is implemented in other file in the same project. The scope of the extern variables is Global. Example /*************** Index f1. c ****************/ include extern int x int main() printf(value of x %d, x) return 0 Index f2. c ****************/ int x = 3 Here, the program written in file f1. c has the main function and reference to variable x. The file f2. c has the declaration of variable x.The compiler should know the datatype of x and this is done by extern definition. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. Global variables are variables which are declared above the main( ) function. These variables are ac cessible throughout the program. They can be accessed by all the functions in the program. Their default value is zero. Example include int x = 0 /* Variable x is a global variable. It can be accessed throughout the program */ void increment(void) x = x + 1 printf( value of x %d, x) int main() printf( value of x %d, x) increment() return 0 6.What is scope & storage allocation of register, static and local variables? Register variables belong to the register storage class and are stored in the CPU registers. The scope of the register variables is local to the block in which the variables are defined. The variables which are used for more number of times in a program are declared as register variables for faster access. Example loop counter variables. register int y=6 Static variables Memory is allocated at the beginning of the program execution and it is reallocated only after the program terminates.The scope of the static variables is local to the block in which the variables are defined. Example include void decrement() static int a=5 a printf(Value of a%d, a) int main() decrement() return 0 Here a is initialized only once. all time this function is called, a does not get initialized. so output would be 4 3 2 etc. , Local variables are variables which are declared within any function or a block. They can be accessed only by function or block in which they are declared. Their default value is a garbage value. 7. What are storage memory, default value, scope and life of Automatic and Register storage class? . Automatic storage class Storage Default value main memory. garbage value. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. Scope Lifetime Storage Default value Scope Lifetime local to the block in which the variable is defined. till control remains within the block. CPU registers. garbage value. local to the block in which the variable is defined. till control remains within the block. 2. Register storage class 8. What are storage memory, default value, scope and life of Static and External storage class? 1. Static storage class Storage Default value ScopeLifetime Storage Default value Scope Lifetime main memory. zero local to the block in which the variable is defined. till the value of the variable persists between different function calls. main memory zero global as long as the program execution doesnt come to an end. 2. External storage class 9. What is the difference between break and continue statements? Differences between break and continue statements break 1. break is a keyword used to terminate the loop or exit from the block. The control jumps to next statement after the loop or block. 2. Syntax parameter 1 Statement 2 Statement n break 3. reak can be used with for, while, do- while, and switch statements. When break is used in nested loops i. e. within the inner most loop then only the innermost loop is terminated. 4. Example i = 1, j = 0 while(i a && b c) printf(b is Greater than a and c) else if (c a && c b) printf(c is Greater than a and b) else printf(all are equal or any two values are equal) return 0 Output Enter a,b,c 3 5 8 c is Greater than a and b Explanation with examples Consider three numbers a=5,b=4,c=8 if(ab && ac) then a is greater than b and c now check this condition for the three numbers 5,4,8 i. . if(54 && 58) /* 54 is true but 58 fails */ so the control shifts to else if condition else if(ba && bc) then b is greater than a and c now checking this condition for 5,4,8 i. e. else if(45 && 48) /* both the conditions fail */ now the control shifts to the next else if condition else if(ca && cb) then c is greater than a and b Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. now checking this condition for 5,4,8 i. e. else if(85 && 84) /* both conditions are satisfied */ Thus c is greater than a and b. 7.Write a program to find the greatest among ten numbers. Program include int main() int a10 int i int greatest printf(Enter ten values) //Store 10 numbers in an array for (i = 0 i 10 i++) scanf(%d, i) //Assume that a0 is greatest greatest = a0 for (i = 0 i 10 i++) if (ai greatest) greatest = ai printf(Greatest of ten numbers is %d, greatest) return 0 Output Enter ten values 2 53 65 3 88 8 14 5 77 64 Greatest of ten numbers is 88 Explanation with example Entered values are 2, 53, 65, 3, 88, 8, 14, 5, 77, 64 They are stored in an array of size 10. et a be an array holding these values. /* how the greatest among ten numbers is found */ Let us consider a variable greatest. At the beginning of the loop, variable greatest is assinged with the value of first element in the array greatest=a0. Here variable greatest is assigned 2 as a0=2. on a lower floor loop is executed until end of the array a. for(i=0 igreatest) greatest= ai For each value of i, value of ai is compared with value of variable greatest. If any value greater than the value of greatest is encountered, it would be replac ed by ai.After completion of for loop, the value of variable greatest holds the greatest number in the array. In this case 88 is the greatest of all the numbers. Material from Interview Mantra. Subscribe to free updates via email. 8. Write a program to check whether the given number is a prime. A prime number is a indwelling number that has only one and itself as factors. Examples 2, 3, 13 are prime numbers. Program include main() int n, i, c = 0 printf(Enter any number n ) scanf(%d, ) /*logic*/ for (i = 1 i

Journalism in China: Then and Now Essay

In 1978, the Peoples Republic of China had less than sensation tv set receiver per 100 people, and fewer than ten million Chinese had access to a television set. Today, almost all dwellings in China stool a television, or a number of it. The Chinese Central Television controls television broadcasting in China, organism the most powerful network in mainland. On the other hand, the number of newspapers in mainland China has increased from 42 virtually all commie Party papers- in 1968 to more than 2,200 today. There are in fact more than 7,000 magazines and journals in the nation nowadays.The emergence of the countrys paramount leader, Deng Xiaoping, in 1976 brought about the economic and social reforms in mainland China, being reflected in media content. The media in are now becoming more autonomous and more diverse. A transmutation is attributable to the fact that most state media outlets not longer receive subsidies from the political science and are judge to largely pay for t hemselves through commercial advertising. They no longer serve solely as government spokesperson but also produce programs that people get interested to so that money fucking be generated for them to continue to exist.Its media is now more dynamic, aggressive and prolific reporting on a wider mixed bag of topics than ever before. Since the late 1970s, media in China have frequently criticized party cadres and have published debates on fundamentals issues as the rule of law, freedom of the press, and universal human rights. They have also reported on a number of previously undiscussed social and lifestyle subjects. Even though political reporting is unflurried tightly controlled, Chinese journalists have become professional writers who cover aspects of society, economics and international affairs that would have been prohibited two decades ago.In 2003, the government initiated plans to formally allow private investment or to market media. As a result, journalists were encouraged t o report more aggressively on stories about crime, low-level corruption, notoriety gossip, and more. However, local officials still often tolerate this reporting, as long as it brings in revenue for the provincial or municipal government, and it does not touch too closely on their own leadership. Also, pour forth intercommunicate in mainland China allows a much freer exchange of public views or opinions than other media formats.In effect, talk radio has shifted the paradigm from authorities addressing the people to people addressing the authorities. The countrys rapid economic developments, as well as educational advances leading to greater literacy, have been important reasons for the dramatic expansion of the media and the variegation of coverage. As journalists report more aggressively on crime and corruption, they face new dangers. Censorship, detention, legal action, and speck the threats historically faced by journalists in China have been long and well documented by th e Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) and other press freedom groups.Forty-two journalists are now in prison house in China, most for revealing corruption among high-level government officials, advocating political reforms, or reporting on banned topics. In recent years, a number of high-profile cases have brought the issue of violence against journalists to public forethought and have inspired Chinese journalists to speak up in defense of their basic right to freely report. Journalism is widely seen as a more promising career field that in the past. The advance popularity and profitability of metropolitan media offer the prospect that higher quality, better-paid jobs in journalism will expand in the years ahead.

Air Pollution Summary 5

? dividing line Pollution Nicole Ergler Axia University of Phoenix Robert Orben once said Theres so much befoulment in the channelize now that if it werent for our lungs thered be no place to put it exclusively. Did maven ever think of how much pollution they are breathing in every day? Does atomic number 53 ever realize in what ways they are contri only ifing to denudatemanshipmanship pollution? piece of cake pollution is environment in ally a global catastrophe. However, the human population does not leave the correct knowledge of how to benefactor the environment from these harmful pollutions. How does the human population serve stop contributing to business line pollution? bearing pollution is a persistent puzzle within the United States as well as worldwide. Air pollution is a matter in which human and animals lives are lost. (Quotationspage. com 2007) fit to capital of South Carolina Encyclopedia (2008), air pollution is contamination of the air by harmful b otches in amounts that are cognize to endanger the health of humans and animals. Combinations of gasoline, automobile emissions, and burning coals and oils all produce several types of air pollutions. According to Encarta. msn. com (2009), fossil fuel emissions are 1 of the leading causes of air pollution.According to Encarta. msn. com (2009), air pollution ignore come to our environment in the forms of snow and rain as well. Air pollution can harm a human and/or an animal as well as the environment. Corruption of plants, ve catch up withables, aquatic life, humans, and drinkable water are all examples of ways air pollution personal effects the environment. Air pollution causes respiratory diseases, loss in emotions, fatigue, headaches, loss of sense of direction, and decreased control of muscles and visual sharpness. A infants lungs and the lungs capa urban center are much smaller than a grown adults.How does a tike react to air pollutants when the child has asthma? Researche s Liu, Poon, Chen, Dales, Frescure, Montuschi, Ciabatonni, and Wheeler (2009) chaired a study on how air pollutants such(prenominal) as sulfuric dioxide and nitrogen oxides, effected children with asthma. The conclusion to their study was significant. While there was a noted decrease in the airway function of lungs, there was also an increase of damage done to the childs airway passage. In conclusion, air pollutants are much more potent and harmful to a child with asthma. Pollution to the Earth causes global thawing.According to Encarta. msn. com (2009), global warming is the significant accretion of temperature in the Earths atmosphere, oceans, and land. According to Encarta. msn. com (2009), scientists believe Earth is currently experiencing a period of increased, fast warming brought on by increasing levels of greenhouse gases, in the atmosphere. Global warming exists when greenhouse gases trap warmth and sun light in the Earths atmosphere. According to Thinkquest. org (2002) , green house gases include but are not limited to carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, and methane.Electrical pollution, when fossil fuels are ruin creating energy, is a main source of energy used by humans that causes global warming. veryday fossil fuels are burned to create a source of energy. Therefore, pollution is seeping into the Earths atmosphere uneasy adults, children, and animals. How can humans attack air pollution? According to Calef and Goble (2007), in 1990 calcium took its approach to zippo vehicles on the road that produce vehicle emissions. California Area Resources Board conducted a plan to matter all bombardment operated electric vehicles off the road and replace them with zero emissions vehicles.Today, zero emissions vehicles are know as hybrid cars. California Area Resources Board wanted to make the plan mandatory and give away only the zero emissions vehicles in a set amount of time. However, oil industries and popular automobile manufacturers bro ught statement to this factor. The United States did not mandate the plan or follow through with the zero emissions vehicles plan. Now, in the form of 2009, hybrid cars are on the market. Although hybrid vehicles regularly cost intimately $5,000. 00 more than a battery operated vehicle, it result tending contribute to saving the environment. Physorg. com 2009) There are dozens of other ways to process the environment. Using environmentally safe products for cleaning and killing pests are ways to improve pollution almost your plaza, work, or school. Throwing away cut grass or trees at a local garbage friendship saves from waste in the yard. An individual can make a recycling bin at home to make it easier to recycle. Picking up after pets is a chore that most individuals cannot somehow manage. However, picking up after pets is a manageable chore and can also help attack air pollution.Carpooling, walking, or taking public transportation to work, home, shopping, or even school are easy ways to quash vehicle emissions. Drying laundry on the laundry line outside instead of in a gas operated dryer pass on help conserve energy and decrease gas pollution. Simple tasks can help the environment, why not bestir oneself now? (Lastormwater. org 2009) A plan is in desire need to help attack air pollution. In order to conduct a plan to attack air pollution, one must have research air pollution. Identifying sources of air pollution is a good start in order to be able to attack air pollution from those sources.Talk with school principals, city council, and representatives with the government activity intimately the plan. Because knowledge of air pollution and its effects is rare, develop an educational platform in which children leave behind be able to put the attack into action. Develop a presentation for adults about the severity of air pollution and how the adults can contribute to parcel. Speak with teachers and parents about the educational curriculum in w hich the children will be learning about attacking air pollution. Schedule dates and multiplication that one can be obtainable to the school in order to present the educational curriculum about air pollution.Schedule dates and times that one can be available to the city council in order to present the breeding to the adults. come down out flyers to local businesses, schools, and homes about both programs. Present all study to both students and adults at all scheduled times. Firstly, I will research study on air pollution, its sources, and all effects to the environment, humans, and animals. Next, I will develop an educational curriculum for both students and adults. Then I will come up to with all school principals, the city council, and the government in order to get my plan permitted. I will thus speak with teachers and parents to educate hem on the benefits of the educational curriculum about air pollution. Next, I will schedule dates and times that is convenient for me, t he city council, and the schools teachers to present the information. I will speak with the local newspaper in order to get my flyers passed out with the newspapers for each time that I am going to present the information at the city council. I will present all information to both students at schools and the adults at the city council at all scheduled times. Finally, I will conduct a website which will provide all the information that I have conducted and presented.In conclusion to my website, I will make myself available to any school, function, or city council that would like to have me as a guest to present my information. Researching information on air pollution, the sources of air pollution, and the effects of air pollution will be conducted from calendar months one to five. During months two to three, I will develop an educational curriculum for both students and adults. Also during months two to three, I will speak with all necessary authority in order to get my plan permitt ed. During month three, I will speak with teachers and parents about the benefits of my educational curriculum.During month four, I will schedule dates and times for my information to be presented to both the city council and the schools in my county. I will also speak with the local newspaper during month four in order to get permission to distribute a flyer included in the newspaper about all scheduled dates and times that I will be holding a presentation. During month five, I will present all information that I have conducted at that specific point. Also during month five, I will establish a website that will hold all the information I have conducted.Students and adults both will benefit from my plan. As said in the above information, people from all near the world are unaware of the effects of air pollution. Presenting this information will help them better agnize how air pollution is harming our environment, humans, and the animals that live in our environment. Presenting thi s information will also put a start to learning more about air pollution. Some teachers may like to include the effects of air pollution and how we can attack air pollution in their own daily or each week educational curriculum.During month five of my plan, I will be concluding to the conduction of my website that I am available to present my information at any school, function, or city council conference. I am hoping to get a response from my conclusion in order to get the word out about air pollution. Challenges may be an issue before being able to present my information. I may not be permitted by schools to present my information to their students. Parents and teachers may not agree with the education curriculum that I have developed. City council may not see air pollution as a problem to our environment.Individuals may not ask me to participate as a speaker at any functions, schools, or city council conferences. However, I will continue to attempt to get my word out on air poll ution if this may occur. In order to have success from my plan on how to attack air pollution, I will need government, global, and our societys support. The government will also need to troubleshoot the effects of air pollution as well as how to attack air pollution. Globally, individuals should participate in helping to attack air pollution. Globally, individuals should take notice to my plan and establish a plan to present information in their own communities.Society should face the facts about the consequences of air pollution and take in the information on how to attack air pollution. In conclusion the above information, air pollution, again, is a global catastrophe. It has harmed and killed galore(postnominal) species of animals. It has also caused humans and animals illnesses. Our environment is screaming for our help, for we are the only ones who can help. The environment cannot do this on its own. References Quotationspage. com. (2007). Quotation Details. Retrieved on May 1 4th, 2009 from http//www. quotationspage. com/quote/1033. tml Columbia Encyclopedia. (2008). Air Pollution. Retrieved on April 18th, 2009 from http//plus. aol. com/aol/reference/airpollu/air_pollution? flv=1 Encarta. msn. com. (2009). Air Pollution. Retrieved on April 18th, 2009 from http//encarta. msn. com/encyclopedia_761577413/air_pollution. hypertext markup language Liu, L. , Poon, R. , Chen, L. , Frescura, A. M. , Montuschi, P. , Ciabatonni, G. , Wheeler, A. , Dales, R. (2009). Acute Effects of Air Pollution on Pulmonary Function, Airway Inflammation, and aerophilous Stress in Asthmatic Children. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(4), 668-674.Thinkquest. org. (2002). Global Warming. Retrieved on April 18th, 2009 from http//library. thinkquest. org/CR0215471/global_warming. htm Calef, D. , Goble, R. (2007). The Allure of Technology How France and California Promoted Electric and Hybrid Vehicles to Reduce Urban Air Pollution. Policy Sciences, 40(1), 1-34. Physorg. com. (2009 ). Hybrid Cars Pros and Cons. Retrieved on May 14th, 2009 from http//www. physorg. com/news10031. html Lastormwater. org. (2009). How You Can Help. Retrieved on May 14, 2009 from http//www. lastormwater. org/Siteorg/residents/howucnhp. html